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Friday, May 10, 2019

Pharmaceutics (study material) for other parts of the video you can visit our YouTube channel.





Pharmaceutics is the discipline of pharmacy that deals with the process of turning a new chemical entity or old drugs into a medication,to be used safely and effectively by patients. It is also called the science of dosage form design. There are many chemicals with pharmacological properties,  But need special measures to help them achieve therapeutically relevant amounts at their sites of action. Pharmaceutics helps relate the formulation of drugs to their delivery and disposition in the body.
Pharmaceutics deals with the formulation of a pure drug substance into a dosage form. Branches of pharmaceutics include......
Pharmaceutical formulation
Pharmaceutical manufacturing
Dispensing pharmacy
Pharmaceutical technology
Physical pharmacy
Pharmaceutical jurisprudence.
Pure drug substances are usually white crystalline or amorphous powders.. Before the advent of medicine as a science, it was common for pharmacists to dispense drugs. Most drugs today are administered as parts of a dosage form. The clinical performance of drugs depends on their form of presentation to the patients.


(Study Material) for Pharmacognosy there are more parts about this topic go and find out from our channel. hope those are helps you in pharma related exams.






Pharmacognosy was used to define the branch of medicine or commodity sciences (Warenkunde in German)

which deals with drugs in their crude, or unprepared,form.
Crude drugs are the dried, unprepared material of plant, animal or mineral origin, used for medicine.
The study of these materials under the name pharmakognosie was first developed in German-speaking areas of Europe,
while other language areas often used the older term materia-medica taken from the works of Galen and Dioscorides.
In German the term drogenkunde "science of crude drugs" is also used synonymously.
Pharmacognosy is the study of plants or other natural sources as a possible source of drugs.
The American Society of Pharmacognosy defines pharmacognosy as "the study of the physical, chemical, biochemical and biological properties of drugs,
Drug substances or potential drugs or drug substances of natural origin as well as the search for new drugs from natural sources"



Study material for Pharmaceutical analysis & Chemistry it may helps in the preparation of all pharma related exams. it also include 4 other parts





Analytical chemistry consists of classical, wet chemical methods and modern, instrumental methods.
Classical qualitative methods use separations such as precipitation, extraction, and distillation.
Identification may be based on differences in color, odor, melting point, boiling point, radioactivity or reactivity.
Classical quantitative analysis uses mass or volume changes to quantify amount.
Instrumental methods may be used to separate samples using chromatography, electrophoresis or field flow fractionation.
Then qualitative and quantitative analysis can be performed, often with the same instrument and may use light interaction,
heat interaction, electric fields or magnetic fields. Often the same instrument can separate, identify and quantify an analyse.
Analytical chemistry studies and uses instruments and methods used to separate, identify, and quantify matter.
In practice, separation, identification or quantification may constitute the entire analysis or be combined with another method.
Separation isolates analytes.
Qualitative analysis identifies analytes, while quantitative analysis determines the numerical amount or concentration.


Study material for toxicology, may these questions will help in exams.






The goal of toxicity assessment is to identify adverse effects of a substance.Adverse effects depend on two main factors:routes of exposure (oral, inhalation, or dermal) and dose (duration and concentration of exposure). To explore dose, substances are tested in both acute and chronic models.Generally, different sets of experiments are conducted to determine whether a substance causes cancer and to examine other forms of toxicity.
Toxicology is a discipline, overlapping with biology, chemistry, pharmacology, and medicine, that involves the study of the adverse effects of chemical substances on living organisms the practice of diagnosing and treating exposures to toxins and toxicants.The relationship between dose and its effects on the exposed organism is of high significance in toxicology.Factors that influence chemical toxicity include the dosage (and whether it is acute or chronic), route of exposure, species, age, sex, and environment.Toxicologists are experts on poisons and poisoning.


Information about Pathophysiology and related questions for exams preparation.




pathophysiology (a.k.a. physiopathology) – a convergence of pathology with physiology – is the study of the disordered physiological processes that cause,
result from, or are otherwise associated with a disease or injury.
Pathology is the medical discipline that describes conditions typically observed during a disease state,
whereas physiology is the biological discipline that describes processes or mechanisms operating within an organism.
Pathology describes the abnormal or undesired condition,
whereas pathophysiology seeks to explain the functional changes,that are occurring within an individual due to a disease or pathologic state.



(Study material) questions from micro-organisms and bacteria's morphology




Microorganisms include all unicellular organisms and so are extremely diverse.These were previously grouped together in the two domain system as Prokaryotic, the other being the Eukaryotas.The third domain Eukaryota includes all multi cellular organisms and many unicellular protagonists and protozoans.Some protagonists are related to animals and some to green plants.

Many of the multi cellular organisms are microscopic, namely micro-animals, some fungi and some algae,

The earliest known idea to indicate the possibility of diseases spreading by yet unseen organisms was that of the Roman scholar Marcus Pretentious Alvaro
in a 1st-century BC book titled On Agriculture
in which he called the unseen creatures animalcules,and warns against locating a homestead near a swamp
And because there are bred certain minute creatures that cannot be seen by the eyes,
which float in the air and enter the body through the mouth and nose and they cause serious diseases.
Of the three domains of life identified by Carl Worse, all of the Archean and Bacteria are microorganisms.

The basic forms are spheres (coccus) and round-ended cylinders (bacillus).
But there may be others such as helically twisted cylinders (spirochetes),
cylinders curved in one plane (Selenomonads) and unusual morphologies (such as the square Archaea Haloquadratum).
They also conform diplos, tetrads, staphylos, streptos, Palisades etc.



















(Study material) Preparation for all pharmacy related exams.



Pharmacology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of drug action,where a drug can be broadly defined as any man-made, natural, or endogenous (from within the body) molecule
which exerts a biochemical or physiological effect on the cell, tissue, organ, or organism
(sometimes the word pharmacology is used as a term to encompass these endogenous and exogenous bio-active species).More specifically,it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and chemicals that affect normal or abnormal biochemical function.If substances have medicinal properties,they are considered pharmaceuticals.

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Cosmetic Preparations part 4 ll GPAT II MCQ II